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Nationalism in India Class 10 MCQs with Answers

STUDY RESOURCELearn • Practise • Revise
Nationalism in India Class 10 MCQs with Answers
Class 10 History • Chapter 2

Nationalism in India Class 10 MCQs with Answers

Objective practice covering the First World War, Satyagraha, Khilafat, Non-Cooperation, social groups, Civil Disobedience, collective belonging and official map work.

82 MCQs328 OptionsAnswers + ExplanationsMap Work

Nationalism in India MCQs with Answers

Practise the chapter through chronology, concepts, causes, comparisons, social-group participation, application and official map-work questions. The set is designed to complement the answer-writing and rapid-revision pages rather than repeat them.

How to use this page: Attempt each question before checking the answer. Pay special attention to chronology, differences between Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience, social-group participation and the official map locations.

Complete Chapter Resource Network

Foundations, First World War & Satyagraha

The First World War created a new economic and political situation in India mainly because it led to:
A. higher defence expenditure, taxes and prices
B. complete removal of land revenue
C. an immediate end to colonial rule
D. a decline in military recruitment
Answer: A. The war increased expenditure and taxation, raised prices and added to economic hardship.
Which development added to the hardship caused by the First World War in India?
A. Forced recruitment and crop failures
B. A fall in prices and taxes
C. Expansion of village industries
D. Removal of wartime controls
Answer: A. Forced recruitment, crop failures and the post-war influenza epidemic deepened the crisis.
What was the Rowlatt Act of 1919 mainly intended to do?
A. Extend repressive powers of the colonial government
B. Introduce universal adult franchise
C. End wartime taxation
D. Grant complete independence
Answer: A. The Act allowed the colonial government to repress political activity and detain people without trial.
What did Mahatma Gandhi call for in protest against the Rowlatt Act?
A. A nationwide hartal
B. A tax increase
C. Participation in colonial councils only
D. A military campaign
Answer: A. Gandhi called for a nationwide hartal to oppose the repressive legislation.
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in:
A. Amritsar
B. Lahore
C. Ahmedabad
D. Calcutta
Answer: A. The massacre occurred at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar on 13 April 1919.
Who ordered the troops to fire on the people gathered at Jallianwala Bagh?
A. General Dyer
B. Lord Irwin
C. Lord Curzon
D. Lord Reading
Answer: A. Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh.
The Khilafat issue was connected with the position of the:
A. Ottoman Caliph
B. British monarch
C. Russian Tsar
D. French President
Answer: A. Indian Muslim leaders were concerned about the future of the Ottoman Caliphate after the First World War.
Which leaders were closely associated with the Khilafat movement in India?
A. Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
B. Motilal Nehru and Vallabhbhai Patel
C. Subhas Chandra Bose and Rajendra Prasad
D. Dadabhai Naoroji and Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Answer: A. The Ali brothers, Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, were prominent Khilafat leaders.
Gandhi linked the Khilafat issue with the Non-Cooperation Movement mainly to:
A. build broader Hindu-Muslim unity against colonial rule
B. support British wartime recruitment
C. promote separate electorates
D. end the Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer: A. Gandhi saw the issue as an opportunity for a wider anti-colonial alliance.
Satyagraha was based primarily on:
A. truth and non-violence
B. armed rebellion
C. secret military action
D. economic isolation of villages
Answer: A. Satyagraha emphasised truth, non-violence, moral pressure and willingness to suffer.
Gandhi's first major Satyagraha in India was associated with:
A. Champaran
B. Dandi
C. Amritsar
D. Nagpur
Answer: A. The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 addressed the problems of indigo cultivators.
The Kheda Satyagraha was mainly related to:
A. revenue demands on peasants
B. the salt tax
C. plantation workers
D. the Khilafat issue
Answer: A. Peasants in Kheda sought relief from revenue demands after crop failure.
The Ahmedabad Satyagraha of 1918 involved:
A. mill workers
B. indigo cultivators
C. tribal forest communities
D. plantation workers
Answer: A. Gandhi intervened in a dispute involving Ahmedabad mill workers.
Which event became a major turning point in Indian opposition to colonial rule in 1919?
A. Jallianwala Bagh massacre
B. Dandi March
C. Poona Pact
D. Lahore Congress
Answer: A. The massacre intensified anger against British rule and changed the political climate.
The Non-Cooperation Movement was formally adopted in:
A. 1920
B. 1917
C. 1925
D. 1930
Answer: A. The Congress adopted the Non-Cooperation programme in 1920.

Khilafat & Non-Cooperation

Which of the following was a programme of the Non-Cooperation Movement?
A. Boycott of government schools and courts
B. Compulsory military service
C. Support for foreign cloth
D. Expansion of colonial titles
Answer: A. The movement encouraged withdrawal from colonial institutions and boycott of foreign goods.
People participating in Non-Cooperation were encouraged to surrender:
A. titles and honours
B. land holdings
C. all private property
D. village wells
Answer: A. Surrendering titles and honours was one of the movement's programmes.
The Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn after the incident at:
A. Chauri Chaura
B. Jallianwala Bagh
C. Dandi
D. Kheda
Answer: A. Gandhi withdrew the movement in 1922 after the violent Chauri Chaura incident.
At Chauri Chaura, protesters:
A. attacked and burned a police station
B. broke the salt law
C. occupied the Viceroy's residence
D. held the Lahore Congress
Answer: A. A violent crowd attacked and burned a police station, killing policemen.
Why did Gandhi withdraw Non-Cooperation after Chauri Chaura?
A. He feared that the movement was becoming violent
B. The Simon Commission had been accepted
C. The salt law had been abolished
D. The Congress had won independence
Answer: A. Gandhi considered non-violence essential and feared further violence.
The idea of Swaraj was interpreted differently by different groups because:
A. their local social and economic grievances differed
B. all groups had identical interests
C. only urban leaders understood it
D. the British defined it uniformly
Answer: A. Peasants, tribals, plantation workers and business groups attached different expectations to Swaraj.
The peasant movement in Awadh was associated with opposition to:
A. high rents and landlord exploitation
B. salt production
C. foreign cloth only
D. the Ottoman Caliphate
Answer: A. Awadh peasants opposed high rents, revenue demands, eviction and other landlord practices.
Who was associated with the peasant movement in Awadh?
A. Baba Ramchandra
B. Alluri Sitaram Raju
C. Abanindranath Tagore
D. C. R. Das
Answer: A. Baba Ramchandra helped organise peasants in Awadh.
The Gudem Hills tribal movement was led by:
A. Alluri Sitaram Raju
B. Baba Ramchandra
C. Jawaharlal Nehru
D. Muhammad Ali
Answer: A. Alluri Sitaram Raju led tribal resistance in the Gudem Hills region.
Tribal communities resisted colonial forest laws because those laws:
A. restricted customary access to forests
B. abolished all taxes
C. guaranteed traditional rights
D. promoted unrestricted shifting cultivation
Answer: A. Forest regulations interfered with customary access and traditional livelihoods.

Different Strands & Social Groups

Plantation workers in Assam often understood Swaraj as:
A. freedom to leave plantations and return home
B. the right to import foreign cloth
C. support for colonial recruitment
D. the abolition of village councils
Answer: A. For many plantation workers, Swaraj meant freedom of movement and the ability to return to their villages.
The Simon Commission was opposed because:
A. it had no Indian member
B. it abolished the salt tax
C. it granted Purna Swaraj
D. it supported the Khilafat movement
Answer: A. The all-white commission was widely seen as an insult to Indian political opinion.
The slogan associated with protests against the Simon Commission was:
A. Simon Go Back
B. Do or Die
C. Vande Mataram only
D. Inquilab Zindabad only
Answer: A. Protesters across India used the slogan 'Simon Go Back'.
The Lahore Congress session of 1929 was presided over by:
A. Jawaharlal Nehru
B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Sardar Patel
D. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Answer: A. Jawaharlal Nehru presided over the Lahore session.
At the Lahore Congress of 1929, the Congress adopted:
A. Purna Swaraj
B. Dominion status as the final goal
C. separate electorates for all communities
D. the Simon Commission report
Answer: A. Purna Swaraj, or complete independence, became the Congress goal.
26 January 1930 was observed as:
A. Independence Day
B. Republic Day
C. Khilafat Day
D. Labour Day
Answer: A. The Congress declared 26 January 1930 as Independence Day to affirm the demand for complete independence.
The Civil Disobedience Movement began with Gandhi's:
A. Salt March to Dandi
B. march to Champaran
C. visit to Lahore
D. campaign in Kheda
Answer: A. The Salt March from Sabarmati to Dandi marked the launch of Civil Disobedience.
Gandhi chose salt as a symbol of resistance because:
A. it was used by rich and poor and was subject to colonial control
B. only wealthy Indians consumed it
C. it was a luxury imported from Europe
D. it had no connection with taxation
Answer: A. Salt was an everyday necessity and the colonial salt law affected ordinary people.
The Salt March began from:
A. Sabarmati Ashram
B. Wardha
C. Champaran
D. Amritsar
Answer: A. Gandhi began the march from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad.
The Salt March ended at:
A. Dandi
B. Kheda
C. Nagpur
D. Lahore
Answer: A. Gandhi reached Dandi on the Gujarat coast and broke the salt law.
Civil Disobedience differed from Non-Cooperation because Civil Disobedience involved:
A. openly breaking selected colonial laws
B. only attending government schools
C. supporting foreign cloth
D. ending all forms of protest
Answer: A. Civil Disobedience went beyond withdrawal of cooperation to deliberate violation of selected laws.
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in:
A. 1931
B. 1920
C. 1922
D. 1935
Answer: A. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was concluded in 1931.
Under the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Gandhi agreed to:
A. suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement
B. accept the Rowlatt Act
C. support the Simon Commission
D. withdraw the demand for independence permanently
Answer: A. Gandhi agreed to suspend the movement and participate in the Round Table Conference.
Which social group often supported Civil Disobedience because it wanted reduction in revenue demands?
A. Rich peasants
B. Plantation workers only
C. Industrial workers only
D. British officials
Answer: A. Rich peasants participated where their economic interests, especially revenue concerns, aligned with the movement.
Indian business groups supported the national movement partly because they wanted:
A. protection from foreign imports
B. higher imports of British goods
C. an end to Indian industries
D. more colonial controls over trade
Answer: A. Many Indian business groups favoured policies that protected Indian industries from foreign competition.

Civil Disobedience & National Movement

Women participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement through:
A. processions, demonstrations and picketing
B. only military service
C. colonial administration
D. support for foreign cloth
Answer: A. Women joined processions, demonstrations, picketing and the boycott of foreign cloth and liquor.
Which statement best explains why the national movement was not uniform across India?
A. Different groups joined with different expectations and grievances
B. Only one social group participated
C. All regions had identical economic conditions
D. Congress prohibited local participation
Answer: A. The chapter shows that different communities interpreted nationalism and Swaraj through their own experiences.
The term 'begar' in the context of Awadh refers to:
A. forced labour without payment
B. a salt-making process
C. a form of elected government
D. a type of foreign cloth
Answer: A. Peasants demanded relief from begar, a form of forced labour.
The Congress session held at Calcutta in 1920 is included in the chapter's official map work as a:
A. Congress session
B. Satyagraha centre
C. plantation centre
D. salt works
Answer: A. The official map list includes the 1920 Calcutta Congress session.
The Congress session held at Nagpur in 1920 is included in map work as a:
A. Congress session
B. tribal uprising centre
C. salt march endpoint
D. mill workers' centre
Answer: A. The official map list includes the 1920 Nagpur Congress session.
The Congress session held at Madras in 1927 is included in map work as a:
A. Congress session
B. Khilafat centre
C. forest protest centre
D. plantation centre
Answer: A. The official map list includes the 1927 Madras Congress session.
Which location is officially associated with the Kheda Satyagraha in map work?
A. Kheda
B. Dandi
C. Amritsar
D. Madras
Answer: A. Kheda is one of the three Satyagraha locations listed for map work.
Which location is officially associated with the Champaran Satyagraha in map work?
A. Champaran
B. Nagpur
C. Dandi
D. Calcutta
Answer: A. Champaran is one of the three Satyagraha locations listed for map work.
The Ahmedabad location in the official map list is associated with:
A. mill workers' Satyagraha
B. the Dandi March
C. the Lahore Congress
D. the Jallianwala Bagh massacre
Answer: A. Ahmedabad is listed for the Satyagraha involving mill workers.
Jallianwala Bagh is located in:
A. Amritsar
B. Ahmedabad
C. Kheda
D. Madras
Answer: A. Jallianwala Bagh is in Amritsar, Punjab.
Which of the following is one of the official map-work locations for Nationalism in India?
A. Dandi
B. Pune
C. Kanpur
D. Surat
Answer: A. Dandi is listed because of its association with the Salt March.
The main objective of Satyagraha was to:
A. resist injustice through non-violence and moral force
B. defeat opponents through armed force
C. avoid all political participation
D. support colonial laws
Answer: A. Satyagraha sought to resist injustice through truth, non-violence, self-discipline and willingness to suffer.
Which of the following best describes the role of the First World War in Indian nationalism?
A. It intensified economic hardship and political discontent
B. It ended colonial taxation
C. It immediately established Purna Swaraj
D. It stopped all recruitment
Answer: A. Wartime hardship and post-war conditions contributed to growing political discontent.
The Rowlatt Act was considered especially objectionable because it allowed:
A. detention without trial
B. free elections for all
C. abolition of censorship
D. immediate self-government
Answer: A. The Act allowed detention without trial and was viewed as an attack on civil liberties.
The Khilafat and Non-Cooperation movements were linked because:
A. Gandhi connected the Khilafat cause with a wider anti-colonial struggle
B. the British ordered both movements
C. both demanded higher taxes
D. both supported the Simon Commission
Answer: A. The linkage helped create a broader mass mobilisation and an important phase of Hindu-Muslim political cooperation.
Which of the following was NOT a programme of Non-Cooperation?
A. Joining colonial government institutions more actively
B. Boycott of foreign cloth
C. Boycott of government schools and colleges
D. Surrender of titles
Answer: A. Non-Cooperation meant withdrawing support from colonial institutions, not joining them more actively.
The withdrawal of Non-Cooperation illustrates Gandhi's emphasis on:
A. non-violence
B. military expansion
C. colonial cooperation
D. communal separation
Answer: A. The movement was withdrawn because violence at Chauri Chaura contradicted its non-violent basis.
Why did peasants in Awadh join the national movement?
A. They wanted relief from rents, revenue demands and landlord oppression
B. They wanted to strengthen landlord power
C. They opposed the idea of lower rents
D. They wanted foreign cloth to become cheaper
Answer: A. Peasant participation was closely connected with local agrarian grievances.
Why did tribal peasants in the Gudem Hills resist colonial rule?
A. Colonial forest policies interfered with their customary rights and livelihoods
B. They wanted to strengthen forest restrictions
C. They wanted higher colonial taxes
D. They opposed all forms of cultivation
Answer: A. Forest restrictions and interference with customary practices were central grievances.
Plantation workers in Assam faced restrictions particularly on:
A. their freedom to move out of plantations
B. their right to import salt
C. their participation in the Lahore Congress
D. their access to foreign universities
Answer: A. Colonial regulations restricted plantation workers' movement, so Swaraj was understood partly as freedom to leave.

Collective Belonging, Chronology & Application

Which statement about the Civil Disobedience Movement is correct?
A. It involved deliberate violation of selected colonial laws
B. It rejected all forms of mass participation
C. It began with the Rowlatt Act in 1919
D. It supported the salt tax
Answer: A. Civil Disobedience involved openly breaking selected colonial laws, beginning with the salt law.
The Salt March made salt politically important because:
A. it connected a simple everyday need with colonial economic control
B. salt was consumed only by officials
C. salt had no tax attached to it
D. it was unrelated to ordinary life
Answer: A. The salt law and tax made an everyday necessity a powerful symbol of colonial exploitation.
Which group often participated in Civil Disobedience but also had concerns about political representation?
A. Women
B. British officials
C. Plantation owners
D. Colonial police
Answer: A. Women participated widely, while the movement also revealed limits and unresolved questions about women's political equality.
Why did business groups support swadeshi and nationalist activity?
A. They sought protection from foreign competition
B. They wanted unrestricted imports of British goods
C. They wanted Indian industries to close
D. They opposed all commercial activity
Answer: A. Many Indian business groups favoured protection from foreign imports and supported nationalist activity.
The idea of 'collective belonging' refers to:
A. a shared feeling of belonging to a common nation
B. separate political identities for every village
C. complete rejection of cultural symbols
D. support for colonial rule
Answer: A. Collective belonging means imagining people from different regions and communities as part of a shared national community.
Bharat Mata became a symbol of:
A. the nation and collective belonging
B. British imperial authority
C. industrialisation
D. the Simon Commission
Answer: A. The image of Bharat Mata helped personify the nation and strengthen emotional identification with India.
Nationalists used folklore and songs mainly to:
A. build pride and a shared cultural identity
B. promote colonial censorship
C. discourage public participation
D. replace all political movements
Answer: A. Folklore, songs and legends helped create a shared cultural memory and national identity.
Reinterpretation of Indian history was used by nationalists to:
A. create pride in India's past
B. justify colonial rule
C. discourage national unity
D. support foreign domination
Answer: A. Nationalists highlighted India's past achievements to build confidence and collective pride.
Which pair is correctly matched?
A. Dandi — Salt March
B. Champaran — Simon Commission
C. Kheda — Jallianwala Bagh
D. Nagpur — Salt law
Answer: A. Dandi is the endpoint of Gandhi's Salt March and is part of the official map work.
Which pair is correctly matched?
A. Baba Ramchandra — Awadh peasants
B. Alluri Sitaram Raju — Khilafat movement
C. General Dyer — Lahore Congress
D. Jawaharlal Nehru — Gudem Hills movement
Answer: A. Baba Ramchandra was associated with the peasant movement in Awadh.
Which pair is correctly matched?
A. Alluri Sitaram Raju — Gudem Hills
B. Muhammad Ali — Kheda Satyagraha
C. Baba Ramchandra — Dandi March
D. General Dyer — Non-Cooperation
Answer: A. Alluri Sitaram Raju led resistance in the Gudem Hills region.
Which sequence is in the correct chronological order?
A. Champaran Satyagraha → Rowlatt Act → Non-Cooperation → Civil Disobedience
B. Civil Disobedience → Champaran → Rowlatt Act → Non-Cooperation
C. Non-Cooperation → Rowlatt Act → Champaran → Civil Disobedience
D. Rowlatt Act → Civil Disobedience → Champaran → Non-Cooperation
Answer: A. The sequence follows 1917, 1919, 1920 and 1930.
Which sequence is correct?
A. Lahore Congress 1929 → Independence Day 1930 → Salt March 1930 → Gandhi-Irwin Pact 1931
B. Salt March 1930 → Lahore Congress 1929 → Pact 1931 → Independence Day 1930
C. Pact 1931 → Lahore Congress 1929 → Salt March 1930 → Independence Day 1930
D. Independence Day 1930 → Lahore Congress 1929 → Pact 1931 → Salt March 1930
Answer: A. These events occurred in the stated order between late 1929 and 1931.
A student says, 'All Indians joined the national movement for exactly the same reason.' Which conclusion from the chapter best corrects the statement?
A. Different groups joined with different grievances and expectations
B. Only business groups joined
C. Only peasants joined
D. The Congress rejected all local issues
Answer: A. The chapter emphasises that nationalism brought groups together while their local interests remained different.
A movement asks people to boycott colonial institutions but not necessarily break laws. This most closely describes:
A. Non-Cooperation
B. Civil Disobedience
C. Khilafat
D. Satyagraha in Champaran
Answer: A. Non-Cooperation centred on withdrawal from colonial institutions and boycott, whereas Civil Disobedience involved breaking selected laws.

Official Map Work & Rapid Application

A movement asks people to deliberately break an unjust colonial law without using violence. This most closely describes:
A. Civil Disobedience
B. Non-Cooperation
C. Simon Commission
D. Khilafat
Answer: A. Civil Disobedience involved deliberate, non-violent violation of selected colonial laws.
A student sees the terms 'truth', 'non-violence', 'moral force' and 'willingness to suffer'. Which concept is being described?
A. Satyagraha
B. Purna Swaraj
C. Separate electorate
D. Begar
Answer: A. These are central features of Gandhi's idea of Satyagraha.
Which statement best captures the significance of the national movement's diverse participation?
A. It broadened nationalism but also exposed differences among social groups
B. It eliminated every social and economic difference
C. It involved only Congress leaders
D. It ended all regional grievances immediately
Answer: A. The movement became broad-based while different groups retained distinct expectations.
Which official map-work item belongs to the '3 Satyagraha movements' category?
A. Ahmedabad mill workers
B. Lahore Congress
C. Jallianwala Bagh
D. Dandi March
Answer: A. Ahmedabad mill workers is listed under the three Satyagraha movements.
Which official map-work item belongs to the Congress sessions category?
A. 1927 Madras session
B. Dandi March
C. Jallianwala Bagh
D. Champaran
Answer: A. The 1927 Madras session is one of the Congress sessions listed for map work.
Which official map-work item is associated with the Salt March?
A. Dandi
B. Kheda
C. Champaran
D. Calcutta
Answer: A. Dandi is the location associated with Gandhi's Salt March.
Which official map-work item is associated with the 1919 massacre?
A. Jallianwala Bagh
B. Nagpur
C. Madras
D. Kheda
Answer: A. Jallianwala Bagh is the location associated with the 1919 massacre.
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