Practise 120 carefully selected MCQs on Outcomes of Democracy for Class 10 Civics. The set covers accountable, responsive and legitimate government, transparency, economic development, inequality, social diversity, freedom, dignity and the chapter's data-based and competency-focused themes.
120 MCQsClass 10 CivicsNCERT BasedAnswers Included
Outcomes of Democracy Class 10 MCQs with Answers
Complete Outcomes of Democracy Revision
Study the chapter, practise the MCQs, and then strengthen descriptive preparation with the chapter's important questions and answers.
How to use this page: Attempt each question before checking the answer. The first sections build core concepts; the final section adds NCERT table, graph, exercise and application-based questions.
Exam focus: Pay special attention to accountable, responsive and legitimate government; transparency; economic growth versus inequality; accommodation of social diversity; freedom and dignity; and the difference between expected and actual outcomes.
Quick strategy: Mark every question you miss, revise the relevant concept, and attempt the marked questions again without looking at the answers.
Questions 1–20
Accountable, Responsive and Legitimate Government
1. Which form of government enjoys broad support across the world because it allows people to choose their rulers?
AA Democracy
BB Monarchy
CC Military rule
DD Theocracy
Correct answer: A) Democracy
2. Which is an essential feature of democracy?
AA Rule by unelected officials
BB Final decision-making power with elected representatives
CC Rule by the military
DD No public participation
Correct answer: B) Final decision-making power with elected representatives
3. Democracy is based on the idea of:
AA Deliberation and negotiation
BB Permanent rule by one party
CC Military discipline
DD Hereditary succession
Correct answer: A) Deliberation and negotiation
4. When citizens can examine the decision-making process of the government, it reflects:
AA Transparency
BB Monarchy
CC Dynastic rule
DD Military authority
Correct answer: A) Transparency
5. Who famously described democracy as government 'of the people, by the people, for the people'?
AA Abraham Lincoln
BB Mahatma Gandhi
CC Jawaharlal Nehru
DD John Locke
Correct answer: A) Abraham Lincoln
6. Which is a major expected outcome of democracy?
AA Accountable government
BB Permanent political stability
CC No disagreement
DD Rule without elections
Correct answer: A) Accountable government
7. A government that is answerable to citizens is described as:
AA Accountable
BB Hereditary
CC Authoritarian
DD Colonial
Correct answer: A) Accountable
8. A government that responds to the needs and expectations of citizens is called:
AA Responsive
BB Absolute
CC Military
DD Theocratic
Correct answer: A) Responsive
9. Why is a democratic government considered legitimate?
AA It is based on the consent of the people
BB It is always the fastest government
CC It never makes mistakes
DD It is controlled by the army
Correct answer: A) It is based on the consent of the people
10. Which of the following is NOT a feature of democracy?
AA Regular elections
BB Rule of law
CC Independent judiciary
DD Permanent monopoly of power
Correct answer: D) Permanent monopoly of power
11. Which type of elections are essential for a democracy?
AA Free and fair elections
BB Nominated elections only
CC Uncontested elections
DD Military-supervised elections
Correct answer: A) Free and fair elections
12. What is the meaning of 'one person, one vote, one value'?
AA Political equality
BB Economic equality in all circumstances
CC Equal income for all
DD One-party rule
Correct answer: A) Political equality
13. Which institution helps ensure that government actions remain within constitutional limits?
AA Independent judiciary
BB Military council
CC Royal court
DD Private companies
Correct answer: A) Independent judiciary
14. What is the most basic way in which citizens participate directly in choosing rulers?
AA Voting in elections
BB Paying taxes
CC Following laws
DD Reading newspapers
Correct answer: A) Voting in elections
15. Why are public discussions important in a democracy?
AA They allow different views to be considered before decisions are made
BB They eliminate all disagreement
CC They give power only to the majority
DD They replace elections
Correct answer: A) They allow different views to be considered before decisions are made
16. Which statement best describes democratic decision-making?
AA It may take time because consultation and deliberation are involved
BB It is always instantaneous
CC Only one leader decides
DD Citizens cannot question decisions
Correct answer: A) It may take time because consultation and deliberation are involved
17. Which is a 'definite plus point' of democratic regimes?
AA Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts
BB Absence of all conflicts
CC Guaranteed economic equality
DD No need for political parties
Correct answer: A) Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts
18. Democracy provides a method to deal with:
AA Differences and conflicts
BB Only economic problems
CC Only military disputes
DD Only religious disputes
Correct answer: A) Differences and conflicts
19. A democracy is expected to improve the:
AA Quality of decision-making
BB Power of unelected rulers
CC Hereditary privileges
DD Military control
Correct answer: A) Quality of decision-making
20. Why can democratic decisions sometimes take more time?
AA They involve consultation, discussion and procedures
BB Citizens cannot vote
CC There is no constitution
DD The judiciary makes every decision
Correct answer: A) They involve consultation, discussion and procedures
Questions 21–30
Democracy and Social Diversity
21. Which country is used in the chapter to discuss the successful accommodation of social diversity?
AA Belgium
BB North Korea
CC Pakistan
DD Myanmar
Correct answer: A) Belgium
22. Which country is used as an example of the failure to accommodate ethnic differences democratically?
AA Sri Lanka
BB Belgium
CC Switzerland
DD Canada
Correct answer: A) Sri Lanka
23. What does democracy mean in the broad sense?
AA A form of government and a way of organising social life through consultation and participation
BB Only holding elections
CC Rule by the wealthy
DD Rule by the army
Correct answer: A) A form of government and a way of organising social life through consultation and participation
24. Why should majority rule not become majority community rule?
AA Because every citizen must have an equal opportunity to belong to a majority at some point
BB Because minorities should always rule
CC Because elections should be cancelled
DD Because only one community should govern
Correct answer: A) Because every citizen must have an equal opportunity to belong to a majority at some point
25. How does democracy accommodate social diversity?
AA By allowing different groups to negotiate and share political power
BB By suppressing minority groups
CC By giving permanent power to one community
DD By banning political parties
Correct answer: A) By allowing different groups to negotiate and share political power
26. Which condition is necessary for democracy to remain genuinely democratic?
AA Minorities must have equal rights and opportunities
BB The majority must permanently dominate
CC Elections must be held without opposition
DD Only one religion can participate
Correct answer: A) Minorities must have equal rights and opportunities
27. Which is an example of social diversity that democracy may need to accommodate?
AA Religious, linguistic and ethnic differences
BB Only differences in income
CC Only differences between cities
DD Only differences between political parties
Correct answer: A) Religious, linguistic and ethnic differences
28. What can happen when social differences are not accommodated?
AA Conflict and political instability may increase
BB Democracy automatically becomes stronger
CC All inequalities disappear
DD Elections become unnecessary
Correct answer: A) Conflict and political instability may increase
29. Which statement about majority rule is correct?
AA The majority must work with minorities and respect their rights
BB The majority can ignore the Constitution
CC The majority always belongs to one community
DD The majority may permanently deny minority rights
Correct answer: A) The majority must work with minorities and respect their rights
30. Which country is discussed as an example where power sharing helped accommodate linguistic diversity?
AA Belgium
BB Sri Lanka
CC Pakistan
DD Nepal
Correct answer: A) Belgium
Questions 31–40
Economic Development and Inequality
31. Which outcome of democracy concerns economic growth and material well-being?
AA Economic development
BB Political legitimacy
CC Social conflict
DD Cultural diversity
Correct answer: A) Economic development
32. Does democracy guarantee faster economic growth than dictatorships?
AA No, economic growth depends on many factors and is not automatically higher in democracies
BB Yes, always
CC Only in small countries
DD Only in countries with one party
Correct answer: A) No, economic growth depends on many factors and is not automatically higher in democracies
33. Which factors can influence a country's economic development besides its political system?
AA Population, global conditions and cooperation with other countries
BB Only the number of elections
CC Only the size of parliament
DD Only the constitution
Correct answer: A) Population, global conditions and cooperation with other countries
34. What is a major criticism regarding democracy and economic inequality?
AA Democracies may not have been very successful in reducing economic inequalities
BB Democracies always eliminate poverty
CC Democracies guarantee equal income
DD Democracies prevent all economic growth
Correct answer: A) Democracies may not have been very successful in reducing economic inequalities
35. Which outcome is related to reducing the gap between rich and poor?
AA Reduction of economic inequality
BB Majority rule
CC Transparency
DD Political legitimacy
Correct answer: A) Reduction of economic inequality
36. Which statement about poverty and democracy is most accurate?
AA Democracy does not automatically remove poverty and economic inequality
BB Democracy guarantees zero poverty
CC Only dictatorships can reduce poverty
DD Poverty disappears after every election
Correct answer: A) Democracy does not automatically remove poverty and economic inequality
37. Why is economic inequality a concern in a democracy?
AA Political equality may coexist with large economic inequalities
BB It prevents citizens from voting
CC It abolishes elections
DD It makes constitutions unnecessary
Correct answer: A) Political equality may coexist with large economic inequalities
38. Which is a reasonable expectation from democracy regarding economic development?
AA Citizens should be able to expect policies that address their welfare, but results vary
BB Economic growth must always be the fastest
CC Every citizen must have identical income
DD There should be no private property
Correct answer: A) Citizens should be able to expect policies that address their welfare, but results vary
39. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed simply because a country is democratic?
AA Equal income for every citizen
BB Political equality
CC Government accountability
DD Citizen participation
Correct answer: A) Equal income for every citizen
40. Democracy is better than non-democratic government because it provides:
AA A mechanism for correcting mistakes and holding rulers accountable
BB Guaranteed economic prosperity
CC Guaranteed absence of corruption
DD Guaranteed equal wealth
Correct answer: A) A mechanism for correcting mistakes and holding rulers accountable
Questions 41–50
Dignity, Freedom and Equality
41. Which democratic outcome is most closely connected with respecting individual rights?
AA Dignity and freedom of citizens
BB Economic growth only
CC Military strength
DD Population growth
Correct answer: A) Dignity and freedom of citizens
42. What does democracy promote through equal political status?
AA Dignity of individuals
BB Hereditary privilege
CC Censorship
DD Political monopoly
Correct answer: A) Dignity of individuals
43. Which group has historically faced struggles for equal status that democracy can help address?
AA Women and disadvantaged social groups
BB Only elected leaders
CC Only wealthy citizens
DD Only government officials
Correct answer: A) Women and disadvantaged social groups
44. What is one important way democracy has strengthened the claims of disadvantaged groups?
AA It provides political and legal space to demand equal treatment and rights
BB It removes all social differences immediately
CC It prevents social movements
DD It ends all discrimination automatically
Correct answer: A) It provides political and legal space to demand equal treatment and rights
45. Which statement about dignity and democracy is correct?
AA Democracy enhances the dignity of citizens by recognising political equality and rights
BB Dignity is unrelated to democracy
CC Only rulers have dignity in democracy
DD Democracy reduces citizen participation
Correct answer: A) Democracy enhances the dignity of citizens by recognising political equality and rights
46. Which of the following reflects freedom in a democracy?
AA Citizens can express opinions and participate in public life within the law
BB Citizens must support the government
CC Opposition is prohibited
DD Only officials may speak publicly
Correct answer: A) Citizens can express opinions and participate in public life within the law
47. Why is the recognition of women's equality an important democratic outcome?
AA It challenges practices that deny women equal rights and dignity
BB It removes the need for elections
CC It gives women permanent political control
DD It eliminates all economic differences
Correct answer: A) It challenges practices that deny women equal rights and dignity
48. Democracy's record in reducing inequality is best described as:
AA Mixed; political equality has advanced more consistently than economic equality
BB Perfect in every country
CC Completely unsuccessful in all areas
DD Unrelated to inequality
Correct answer: A) Mixed; political equality has advanced more consistently than economic equality
49. Which outcome is directly linked to citizens having the right to participate in government?
AA Political equality
BB Hereditary privilege
CC Military rule
DD Economic monopoly
Correct answer: A) Political equality
50. Which is an example of democratic dignity?
AA A citizen being treated as an equal participant in public decision-making
BB A ruler being above the law
CC A minority being denied rights
DD A government silencing criticism
Correct answer: A) A citizen being treated as an equal participant in public decision-making
Questions 51–60
Transparency, Participation and Accountability
51. What is transparency in a democracy?
AA Citizens can know how decisions are taken and can examine government actions
BB Government decisions are kept secret
CC Only judges can vote
DD Political parties are banned
Correct answer: A) Citizens can know how decisions are taken and can examine government actions
52. Why is an accountable government important?
AA Citizens can question rulers and judge their performance
BB It removes elections
CC It makes rulers hereditary
DD It prevents public debate
Correct answer: A) Citizens can question rulers and judge their performance
53. What makes democratic government more legitimate than an unelected government?
AA Its rulers are chosen through accepted democratic procedures
BB It never makes mistakes
CC It always grows the economy faster
DD It is controlled by experts only
Correct answer: A) Its rulers are chosen through accepted democratic procedures
54. Which process gives citizens an opportunity to change rulers?
AA Regular elections
BB Military appointments
CC Hereditary succession
DD Administrative orders
Correct answer: A) Regular elections
55. What is meant by 'responsiveness' of a government?
AA Its ability and willingness to respond to citizens' needs and demands
BB Its ability to avoid public opinion
CC Its refusal to change policies
DD Its control over the judiciary
Correct answer: A) Its ability and willingness to respond to citizens' needs and demands
56. Which of the following strengthens accountability?
AA Regular elections, public debate and institutions that scrutinise government
BB Secret decisions without explanation
CC One-party monopoly
DD Absence of opposition
Correct answer: A) Regular elections, public debate and institutions that scrutinise government
57. Why can democracy be described as a government of consultation?
AA Major decisions involve discussion among elected representatives and other stakeholders
BB Only one person decides everything
CC The military makes all policies
DD Courts conduct elections
Correct answer: A) Major decisions involve discussion among elected representatives and other stakeholders
58. Which is a limitation of judging democracy only by speed?
AA Fast decisions may not be better if they ignore consultation and accountability
BB Democracy is always slower than every dictatorship
CC Speed is the only measure of good government
DD Consultation is never useful
Correct answer: A) Fast decisions may not be better if they ignore consultation and accountability
59. Which institution can question the legality of government action?
AA Judiciary
BB Political party office
CC Private corporation
DD Military club
Correct answer: A) Judiciary
60. Which of the following best captures the idea of legitimate government?
AA A government accepted by citizens because it follows democratic procedures and enjoys public authority
BB A government that rules by force
CC A hereditary government without elections
DD A government that suppresses opposition
Correct answer: A) A government accepted by citizens because it follows democratic procedures and enjoys public authority
Questions 61–70
Democracy, Conflict and Corrective Mechanisms
61. What is the relationship between democracy and corruption?
AA Democracy provides mechanisms to expose and challenge corruption, but it does not automatically eliminate it
BB Democracy guarantees no corruption
CC Corruption exists only in democracies
DD Elections automatically end corruption
Correct answer: A) Democracy provides mechanisms to expose and challenge corruption, but it does not automatically eliminate it
62. Why is public participation important in democracy?
AA It helps citizens influence decisions and hold rulers accountable
BB It removes the need for representatives
CC It gives permanent power to one group
DD It prevents public debate
Correct answer: A) It helps citizens influence decisions and hold rulers accountable
63. Which of the following is a democratic way to correct a government's mistakes?
AA Changing rulers through elections and using constitutional institutions
BB Military takeover
CC Banning opposition
DD Suspending elections
Correct answer: A) Changing rulers through elections and using constitutional institutions
64. What does democracy offer that an authoritarian government may not reliably offer?
AA Institutional opportunities to question and replace rulers
BB Guaranteed prosperity
CC No political disagreements
DD No administrative delays
Correct answer: A) Institutional opportunities to question and replace rulers
65. Which statement about democracy and conflict is correct?
AA Democracy seeks to manage conflicts peacefully through negotiation, institutions and elections
BB Democracy eliminates every conflict
CC Democracy encourages only violent conflict
DD Democracy avoids all social differences
Correct answer: A) Democracy seeks to manage conflicts peacefully through negotiation, institutions and elections
66. What is the danger if majority rule ignores minority rights?
AA Democracy may become majoritarian domination rather than genuine democracy
BB Economic growth automatically increases
CC Political equality becomes stronger
DD Conflict disappears
Correct answer: A) Democracy may become majoritarian domination rather than genuine democracy
67. Which principle is essential for balancing majority rule and minority rights?
AA Constitutional rights and equal citizenship
BB Permanent majority control
CC One-party rule
DD Military authority
Correct answer: A) Constitutional rights and equal citizenship
68. Which outcome is least likely to be guaranteed by democracy?
AA A perfectly equal distribution of wealth
BB Accountability
CC Political equality
DD Citizen participation
Correct answer: A) A perfectly equal distribution of wealth
69. Which of the following is a sign of democratic deepening?
AA Greater participation, accountability and inclusion of marginalised groups
BB Less public participation
CC Permanent rule by one leader
DD Fewer constitutional safeguards
Correct answer: A) Greater participation, accountability and inclusion of marginalised groups
70. Which statement best evaluates democracy?
AA Democracy should be judged by both its procedures and its actual outcomes
BB Democracy should be judged only by economic growth
CC Democracy should be judged only by election turnout
DD Democracy cannot be evaluated
Correct answer: A) Democracy should be judged by both its procedures and its actual outcomes
Questions 71–80
Democratic Principles and Institutions
71. Which Greek words are the origin of the term 'democracy'?
AA Demos and kratia
BB Demos and polis
CC Kratos and polis
DD Demos and logos
Correct answer: A) Demos and kratia
72. What does 'demos' mean in the context of democracy?
AA People
BB Law
CC Government
DD Leader
Correct answer: A) People
73. What does 'kratia' refer to?
AA Rule or government
BB People
CC Equality
DD Rights
Correct answer: A) Rule or government
74. Which of the following is a democratic principle rather than a guaranteed economic outcome?
AA Political equality
BB Identical income
CC Zero unemployment
DD Equal property ownership
Correct answer: A) Political equality
75. Which of these is a feature of dictatorship rather than democracy?
AA Concentration of power
BB Regular competitive elections
CC Independent judiciary
DD Political equality
Correct answer: A) Concentration of power
76. Which is NOT a typical feature of a dictatorship?
AA Meaningful public control over rulers through free elections
BB Concentration of power
CC Suppression of opposition
DD Limited public accountability
Correct answer: A) Meaningful public control over rulers through free elections
77. Which form of government gives citizens the greatest formal opportunity to replace rulers through elections?
AA Democracy
BB Absolute monarchy
CC Military dictatorship
DD Hereditary rule
Correct answer: A) Democracy
78. Which statement about democratic legitimacy is most accurate?
AA Even when democratic governments make mistakes, they retain legitimacy through accepted procedures and public participation
BB Legitimacy means the government never makes mistakes
CC Legitimacy depends only on economic growth
DD Legitimacy requires military power
Correct answer: A) Even when democratic governments make mistakes, they retain legitimacy through accepted procedures and public participation
79. Which outcome concerns the ability of citizens to live without fear and exercise rights?
AA Freedom and dignity
BB Economic growth
CC Population growth
DD Administrative efficiency
Correct answer: A) Freedom and dignity
80. Which of the following is an example of accommodation of social diversity?
AA Different communities finding institutional ways to share power and live together
BB One community permanently controlling the state
CC Minorities being excluded from elections
DD A ban on cultural identities
Correct answer: A) Different communities finding institutional ways to share power and live together
Questions 81–90
Evaluating the Outcomes of Democracy
81. Which statement best describes the democratic promise of equality?
AA All citizens have equal political status and equal rights before law
BB All citizens must have identical wealth
CC All citizens must have the same occupation
DD All citizens must share the same culture
Correct answer: A) All citizens have equal political status and equal rights before law
82. What does the chapter suggest about democracy and decision-making?
AA Democratic decisions are often more deliberative and can improve the quality of decisions
BB Democratic decisions are always immediate
CC Only experts should decide
DD Citizens should never question decisions
Correct answer: A) Democratic decisions are often more deliberative and can improve the quality of decisions
83. Which is a reason democracy may be considered responsive?
AA Citizens can express demands and influence rulers through elections and public action
BB Rulers cannot be removed
CC Public opinion is ignored
DD Only officials can raise issues
Correct answer: A) Citizens can express demands and influence rulers through elections and public action
84. Which outcome is associated with the peaceful resolution of social conflict?
AA Accommodation of social diversity
BB Permanent military rule
CC Censorship
DD Political monopoly
Correct answer: A) Accommodation of social diversity
85. Why does democracy not automatically guarantee economic equality?
AA Political equality does not by itself remove differences in income and wealth
BB Democracy prohibits taxation
CC Elections prevent economic policies
DD Democracy has no institutions
Correct answer: A) Political equality does not by itself remove differences in income and wealth
86. Which of the following can help reduce economic inequality through democratic politics?
AA Public policies aimed at welfare, redistribution and equal opportunity
BB Banning elections
CC Removing public debate
DD Concentrating wealth in one group
Correct answer: A) Public policies aimed at welfare, redistribution and equal opportunity
87. What is one reason democracies may appear less efficient than dictatorships?
AA Democratic procedures require consultation, debate and checks on power
BB Democracies have no administrators
CC Democracies cannot make laws
DD Citizens refuse to participate
Correct answer: A) Democratic procedures require consultation, debate and checks on power
88. Which is a strength of democratic institutions when compared with arbitrary rule?
AA They provide procedures for accountability and correction of mistakes
BB They guarantee perfect decisions
CC They eliminate all disagreement
DD They prevent citizens from criticising rulers
Correct answer: A) They provide procedures for accountability and correction of mistakes
89. What does the chapter imply about the relationship between democracy and dignity?
AA Political equality and rights can strengthen citizens' sense of dignity
BB Dignity is possible only under dictatorship
CC Dignity is unrelated to citizenship
DD Democracy requires social hierarchy
Correct answer: A) Political equality and rights can strengthen citizens' sense of dignity
90. Which is the most balanced conclusion about democracy?
AA Democracy has important strengths but also limitations; its quality depends on how well institutions deliver accountable, inclusive and responsive government
BB Democracy guarantees perfect outcomes
CC Democracy has no advantages
DD Only economic growth matters
Correct answer: A) Democracy has important strengths but also limitations; its quality depends on how well institutions deliver accountable, inclusive and responsive government
NCERT Data, Exercise & Competency-Based MCQs
These final 30 questions are designed around the chapter's tables, South Asia evidence, exercises, examples and higher-order ideas, so students do not prepare only the basic definitions.
91. According to the chapter's Table 1, what was the average economic growth rate of all democratic regimes during 1950–2000?
A3.95%
B4.42%
C4.28%
D3.50%
Correct answer: A) 3.95%
92. According to the chapter's Table 1, what was the average economic growth rate of all dictatorial regimes during 1950–2000?
A4.34%
B4.28%
C4.42%
D3.95%
Correct answer: C) 4.42%
93. According to Table 1, the growth-rate difference between poor countries under dictatorship and democracy was:
AVery small
BExtremely large
CExactly zero in every case
DHigher for democracy by more than 2 percentage points
Correct answer: A) Very small
94. Which pair correctly matches poor-country growth rates from Table 1?
ADictatorship 3.95%; Democracy 4.42%
BDictatorship 4.42%; Democracy 3.95%
CDictatorship 4.34%; Democracy 4.28%
DDictatorship 4.28%; Democracy 4.34%
Correct answer: C) Dictatorship 4.34%; Democracy 4.28%
95. According to Table 2, which country had the highest share of national income going to its top 20% among the countries listed?
ASouth Africa
BBrazil
CRussia
DUnited States
Correct answer: A) South Africa
96. According to Table 2, which country listed had the largest share of national income going to its bottom 20%?
ADenmark
BUnited Kingdom
CSouth Africa
DHungary
Correct answer: D) Hungary
97. What does the economic data in the chapter mainly suggest?
ADemocracy guarantees equal incomes
BPolitical systems have no relation to economic outcomes at all
CDemocracy is not a guarantee of higher economic growth or equal distribution
DDictatorship always produces poverty
Correct answer: C) Democracy is not a guarantee of higher economic growth or equal distribution
98. Why does the chapter caution against judging democracy only by economic growth?
AOnly dictatorships can develop
BEconomic development depends on several factors and democracy has other important positive outcomes
CEconomic growth never matters
DDemocracy cannot influence economic policy
Correct answer: B) Economic development depends on several factors and democracy has other important positive outcomes
99. Which of the following is explicitly presented as a reasonable expectation from democracy?
AA government attentive to people's needs and demands
BEqual income for every citizen
CZero corruption in every case
DInstant decision-making
Correct answer: A) A government attentive to people's needs and demands
100. Which statement best describes the actual record of democracies regarding public debate?
AThey completely prohibit public debate
BEvery decision is always publicly debated
CPublic debate is unnecessary in democracy
DThey have generally created conditions for open public debate, but do not subject every decision to public debate
Correct answer: D) They have generally created conditions for open public debate, but do not subject every decision to public debate
101. What does the chapter say about corruption in democracies?
AOnly dictatorships experience corruption
BCorruption is unrelated to government
CDemocracies are not free of corruption, although non-democracies are not shown to be less corrupt
DDemocracies eliminate corruption
Correct answer: C) Democracies are not free of corruption, although non-democracies are not shown to be less corrupt
102. Which outcome is described as a definite plus point of democratic regimes?
AAbsence of disagreements
BAbility to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts
CGuaranteed economic equality
DPerfect administrative efficiency
Correct answer: B) Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts
103. Why is democratic government considered legitimate even when it may be slow?
AIt is people's own government and is based on accepted democratic procedures
BIt never makes mistakes
CIt always produces the fastest decisions
DIt guarantees equal wealth
Correct answer: A) It is people's own government and is based on accepted democratic procedures
104. What is one reason citizens may accept slower democratic decisions?
ASlower decisions are always cheaper
BCitizens are not allowed to object
CDelay automatically creates prosperity
DFollowing procedures can make decisions more acceptable and potentially more effective
Correct answer: D) Following procedures can make decisions more acceptable and potentially more effective
105. What does the chapter mean by saying democracy can only create conditions for achieving goals?
ADemocracy guarantees every desired result
BCitizens have no role after elections
CCitizens and institutions must use those conditions to achieve social and economic goals
DGovernment alone can solve every problem
Correct answer: C) Citizens and institutions must use those conditions to achieve social and economic goals
106. Which two ideas are central to democratic decision-making in the chapter?
AHereditary succession and obedience
BDeliberation and negotiation
CSecrecy and coercion
DSpeed and military discipline
Correct answer: B) Deliberation and negotiation
107. Which practice is NOT listed as an indicator for assessing democratic government?
ARegular, free and fair elections
BOpen public debate
CCitizen access to information
DPermanent rule by one leader
Correct answer: D) Permanent rule by one leader
108. What does political equality mean in the context of the chapter?
AEvery citizen must have equal income
BEvery citizen must own equal property
CEvery citizen must have the same occupation
DEach citizen has equal weight in electing representatives
Correct answer: D) Each citizen has equal weight in electing representatives
109. Which statement about the poor in democracies is highlighted by the chapter?
APoor people always control government policy
BDemocracy automatically ends poverty
CPoor people form a large share of voters, yet elected governments may still fall short in addressing poverty
DPoor voters have no right to vote
Correct answer: C) Poor people form a large share of voters, yet elected governments may still fall short in addressing poverty
110. Which statement best captures the relationship between political and economic equality?
ADemocracies legally require identical incomes
BDemocracies can establish political equality while substantial economic inequalities continue
Correct answer: B) Democracies can establish political equality while substantial economic inequalities continue
111. What condition is necessary for democracy to accommodate social divisions?
ANo social group should be permanently barred from becoming part of a majority
BOne community must always remain the majority
CMinorities must give up their identities
DElections must be cancelled
Correct answer: A) No social group should be permanently barred from becoming part of a majority
112. Why is permanent exclusion from the majority undemocratic?
AOnly minorities should rule
BMajorities should never change
CVoting should depend on wealth
DEvery citizen should have a chance to be in the majority at some point
Correct answer: D) Every citizen should have a chance to be in the majority at some point
113. What does the chapter say about caste inequalities in India?
ADemocracy legally supports caste domination
BCaste has no connection with dignity
CDemocracy has strengthened claims of disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and opportunity
DCaste inequalities have completely disappeared
Correct answer: C) Democracy has strengthened claims of disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and opportunity
114. What does recognition of women's equality make easier?
AElections become unnecessary
BWomen can challenge practices that deny them respect and equal treatment
CWomen can no longer participate in politics
DEconomic inequality disappears automatically
Correct answer: B) Women can challenge practices that deny them respect and equal treatment
115. Why can complaints about democracy themselves be considered a sign of democratic success?
AThey show that people have awareness and can critically question power holders
BThey prove democracy has failed completely
CThey show citizens no longer care about government
DThey mean elections are unnecessary
Correct answer: A) They show that people have awareness and can critically question power holders
116. According to the chapter's South Asia evidence, what did most respondents express regarding rule by leaders elected by the people?
AComplete rejection
BIndifference in every country
CSupport only in non-democratic countries
DStrong support
Correct answer: D) Strong support
117. According to the South Asia evidence shown in the chapter, which country had the highest percentage saying democracy was suitable for its own country among those listed?
ASri Lanka
BPakistan
CBangladesh
DIndia
Correct answer: C) Bangladesh
118. According to the graph in the chapter, what percentage of Indians surveyed said their vote makes a difference?
A95%
B67%
C50%
D75%
Correct answer: B) 67%
119. Which statement best connects the chapter's conclusion about democracy with citizen complaints?
ADemocracy's examination never ends because citizens develop new expectations as they gain benefits
BComplaints show that citizens should lose voting rights
CComplaints prove that democracy has no value
DNew expectations are unrelated to democratic experience
Correct answer: A) Democracy's examination never ends because citizens develop new expectations as they gain benefits
120. Which conclusion best reflects the chapter as a whole?
ADemocracy guarantees perfect economic and social outcomes
BDemocracy should be judged only by speed
CDemocracy has no measurable outcomes
DDemocracy has important strengths, but its actual outcomes are mixed and must be assessed carefully
Correct answer: D) Democracy has important strengths, but its actual outcomes are mixed and must be assessed carefully
What to Remember from Outcomes of Democracy
Democracy should be assessed against both expected and actual outcomes.
The basic political outcome is an accountable and responsive government; democratic government is also legitimate.
Deliberation, negotiation, procedures and transparency can improve the quality and acceptability of decisions.
Democracy does not guarantee higher economic growth or equal distribution of wealth.
Political equality can coexist with serious economic inequality and poverty.
Democracy can accommodate social diversity when majority rule respects minorities and no group is permanently excluded.
Democracy has a strong record in recognising freedom, equality and dignity, even though discrimination may continue in practice.
Citizen criticism and rising expectations can themselves indicate democratic awareness and citizenship.
